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Weighted parsimony phylogeny of the family Characidae (Teleostei: Characiformes)

Identifieur interne : 005996 ( Main/Exploration ); précédent : 005995; suivant : 005997

Weighted parsimony phylogeny of the family Characidae (Teleostei: Characiformes)

Auteurs : J. Marcos Mirande [Argentine]

Source :

RBID : ISTEX:9805D7572BBCDF0D9873BFC8CEDA17F5DDEFA52E

Descripteurs français

English descriptors

Abstract

The family Characidae, including more than 1000 species, lacks a phylogenetic diagnosis, with many of its genera currently considered as incertae sedis. The aims of the present study are to propose a phylogenetic diagnosis and to assess higher‐level relationships of and within Characidae. In this regard, 360 morphological characters are studied for 160 species of Characidae and related families. Phylogenetic analyses under implied weighting and self‐weighted optimization are presented, exploring a broad range of parameters. The analysis under self‐weighted optimization is innovative for this size of matrices. Familial status of Serrasalmidae is supported, and Acestrorhynchidae and Cynodontidae are included in a monophyletic Characidae. Engraulisoma taeniatum is transferred from Characidae to Gasteropelecidae. Thus constituted, the monophyly of Characidae is supported by seven synapomorphies. A new subfamily, Heterocharacinae, is proposed, and the subfamilies Aphyocharacinae, Aphyoditeinae, Characinae, Gymnocharacinae, and Stevardiinae are redefined. The Glandulocaudinae are included in Stevardiinae together with remaining members of “clade A” (sensuMalabarba and Weitzman, 2003. Comun. Mus. Ciênc. Tecnol. PUCRS, Sér. Zool. 16, 67–151.) and the genera Aulixidens and Nantis. Most incertae sedis genera are assigned, at least tentatively, to a phylogenetically diagnosed clade.

Url:
DOI: 10.1111/j.1096-0031.2009.00262.x


Affiliations:


Links toward previous steps (curation, corpus...)


Le document en format XML

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<term>Acestrorhynchidae</term>
<term>Acestrorhynchinae</term>
<term>Adductor</term>
<term>Adductor mandibulae</term>
<term>Adult males</term>
<term>Agoniatinae</term>
<term>Alegre</term>
<term>Alestidae</term>
<term>American characidae</term>
<term>Anal</term>
<term>Anguloarticular</term>
<term>Anterior</term>
<term>Anterior ceratohyal</term>
<term>Anterior extension</term>
<term>Anterior margin</term>
<term>Anterior process</term>
<term>Anterior rays</term>
<term>Anteriorly</term>
<term>Anterodorsal</term>
<term>Antorbital</term>
<term>Aphyocharacinae</term>
<term>Aphyocharax</term>
<term>Aphyoditeinae</term>
<term>Articulating</term>
<term>Articulation</term>
<term>Astyanax</term>
<term>Astyanax clade</term>
<term>Attachment site</term>
<term>Basal</term>
<term>Basihyal</term>
<term>Benine</term>
<term>Bertaco</term>
<term>Bony hooks</term>
<term>Bony lamella</term>
<term>Bony lamellae</term>
<term>Bramocharax</term>
<term>Branchiostegal</term>
<term>Branchiostegal rays</term>
<term>Brycon</term>
<term>Bryconamericus</term>
<term>Bryconinae</term>
<term>Bryconops</term>
<term>Buckup</term>
<term>Buhrnheim</term>
<term>Canal</term>
<term>Cardoso</term>
<term>Cartilage</term>
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<term>Central america</term>
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<term>Check list</term>
<term>Cheirodontinae</term>
<term>Clade</term>
<term>Cladistics</term>
<term>Cleithrum</term>
<term>Comp</term>
<term>Coracoid</term>
<term>Creagrutus</term>
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<term>Dentary</term>
<term>Dentary teeth</term>
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<term>Dilator</term>
<term>Dorsal</term>
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<term>Dorsally</term>
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<term>Eigenmann</term>
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<term>Engraulisoma</term>
<term>Engraulisoma taeniatum</term>
<term>Epioccipital</term>
<term>Epioccipital bridge</term>
<term>Epiphyseal</term>
<term>Ethmoid</term>
<term>Exodon</term>
<term>Family characidae</term>
<term>Farris</term>
<term>Ferraris</term>
<term>Fontanel</term>
<term>Foramen</term>
<term>Fossa</term>
<term>Fourth basibranchial</term>
<term>Fourth infraorbital</term>
<term>Freshwater</term>
<term>Freshwater fishes</term>
<term>Frontal</term>
<term>Frontal fontanel</term>
<term>Gasteropelecidae</term>
<term>Genus</term>
<term>Gery</term>
<term>Gill</term>
<term>Gill rakers</term>
<term>Glandulocaudinae</term>
<term>Golobo</term>
<term>Gymnocharacinae</term>
<term>Haemal</term>
<term>Haemal canal</term>
<term>Haemal spine</term>
<term>Hemibrycon</term>
<term>Hemigrammus</term>
<term>Hemigrammus clade</term>
<term>Hennig</term>
<term>Heterocharacinae</term>
<term>Hist</term>
<term>Homoplasy</term>
<term>Horizontal process</term>
<term>Hyomandibular</term>
<term>Hyphessobrycon</term>
<term>Iguanodectinae</term>
<term>Incertae</term>
<term>Incertae sedis</term>
<term>Incertae sedis genera</term>
<term>Infraorbital</term>
<term>Infraorbitals</term>
<term>Interosseous space</term>
<term>Jupiaba</term>
<term>Kullander</term>
<term>Lamella</term>
<term>Lateral</term>
<term>Lateral ethmoid</term>
<term>Lateral ethmoids</term>
<term>Lateral lamellae</term>
<term>Lateral line</term>
<term>Laterally</term>
<term>Laterosensory</term>
<term>Laterosensory canal</term>
<term>Ligament</term>
<term>Lima</term>
<term>Longitudinal</term>
<term>Lucena</term>
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<term>Mandibulae</term>
<term>Margin</term>
<term>Master thesis</term>
<term>Matrix</term>
<term>Maxilla</term>
<term>Maxillary</term>
<term>Maxillary teeth</term>
<term>Meckelian</term>
<term>Meckelian cartilage</term>
<term>Medial</term>
<term>Medially</term>
<term>Menezes</term>
<term>Mesethmoid</term>
<term>Mesocoracoid</term>
<term>Middle length</term>
<term>Mirande</term>
<term>Mirande cladistics</term>
<term>Moenkhausia</term>
<term>Monophyletic</term>
<term>Monophyly</term>
<term>More cusps</term>
<term>Moreira</term>
<term>Musculature</term>
<term>Nantis</term>
<term>Nasal</term>
<term>Nasal septum</term>
<term>Nematobrycon</term>
<term>Neotropical</term>
<term>Node</term>
<term>Odontostilbe</term>
<term>Oligosarcus</term>
<term>Opercle</term>
<term>Orbitosphenoid</term>
<term>Orientated</term>
<term>Ostariophysi</term>
<term>Outgroup</term>
<term>Paraguayensis</term>
<term>Parasphenoid</term>
<term>Parsimony</term>
<term>Paulo</term>
<term>Pectoral</term>
<term>Pedicle</term>
<term>Pelvic bone</term>
<term>Phylogenetic</term>
<term>Phylogenetic analysis</term>
<term>Phylogenetic diagnosis</term>
<term>Phylogenetic relationships</term>
<term>Phylogeny</term>
<term>Porto</term>
<term>Porto alegre</term>
<term>Posterior</term>
<term>Posterior border</term>
<term>Posterior ceratohyal</term>
<term>Posterior margin</term>
<term>Posterior rays</term>
<term>Posterior region</term>
<term>Posteriorly</term>
<term>Posttemporal</term>
<term>Posttemporal fossa</term>
<term>Premaxilla</term>
<term>Premaxillary</term>
<term>Preopercle</term>
<term>Pterosphenoid</term>
<term>Pterotic</term>
<term>Pterygiophore</term>
<term>Pterygiophores</term>
<term>Quadrate</term>
<term>Quevedo</term>
<term>Rakers</term>
<term>Relative length</term>
<term>Rhinosphenoid</term>
<term>Rhoadsiinae</term>
<term>Roeboides</term>
<term>Salminus</term>
<term>Scapula</term>
<term>Searches appendix</term>
<term>Second infraorbital</term>
<term>Second premaxillary</term>
<term>Sedis</term>
<term>Septum</term>
<term>Serra</term>
<term>Serrasalmidae</term>
<term>Shes</term>
<term>Sister group</term>
<term>Sixth infraorbital</term>
<term>Small group</term>
<term>Sphenotic</term>
<term>Stethaprioninae</term>
<term>Stevardiinae</term>
<term>Strict consensus</term>
<term>Subfamilial</term>
<term>Subfamily</term>
<term>Subtemporal fossa</term>
<term>Supraoccipital spine</term>
<term>Supraorbital</term>
<term>Taeniatum</term>
<term>Taxon</term>
<term>Teleostei</term>
<term>Tendon</term>
<term>Tetragonopterinae</term>
<term>Thayeria</term>
<term>Third vertebra</term>
<term>Toledopiza</term>
<term>Transitional vertebrae</term>
<term>Universidade</term>
<term>Vari</term>
<term>Ventral</term>
<term>Ventral margin</term>
<term>Ventrally</term>
<term>Vertebra</term>
<term>Weberian apparatus</term>
<term>Weighting</term>
<term>Weighting scheme</term>
<term>Weitzman</term>
<term>Zanata</term>
<term>Zool</term>
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<term>Acestrorhynchidae</term>
<term>Acestrorhynchinae</term>
<term>Adductor</term>
<term>Adductor mandibulae</term>
<term>Adult males</term>
<term>Agoniatinae</term>
<term>Alegre</term>
<term>Alestidae</term>
<term>American characidae</term>
<term>Anal</term>
<term>Anguloarticular</term>
<term>Anterior</term>
<term>Anterior ceratohyal</term>
<term>Anterior extension</term>
<term>Anterior margin</term>
<term>Anterior process</term>
<term>Anterior rays</term>
<term>Anteriorly</term>
<term>Anterodorsal</term>
<term>Antorbital</term>
<term>Aphyocharacinae</term>
<term>Aphyocharax</term>
<term>Aphyoditeinae</term>
<term>Articulating</term>
<term>Articulation</term>
<term>Astyanax</term>
<term>Astyanax clade</term>
<term>Attachment site</term>
<term>Basal</term>
<term>Basihyal</term>
<term>Benine</term>
<term>Bertaco</term>
<term>Bony hooks</term>
<term>Bony lamella</term>
<term>Bony lamellae</term>
<term>Bramocharax</term>
<term>Branchiostegal</term>
<term>Branchiostegal rays</term>
<term>Brycon</term>
<term>Bryconamericus</term>
<term>Bryconinae</term>
<term>Bryconops</term>
<term>Buckup</term>
<term>Buhrnheim</term>
<term>Canal</term>
<term>Cardoso</term>
<term>Cartilage</term>
<term>Caudal</term>
<term>Central america</term>
<term>Ceratobranchial</term>
<term>Ceratohyal</term>
<term>Characid</term>
<term>Characidae</term>
<term>Characiformes</term>
<term>Characinae</term>
<term>Characoidea</term>
<term>Check list</term>
<term>Cheirodontinae</term>
<term>Clade</term>
<term>Cladistics</term>
<term>Cleithrum</term>
<term>Comp</term>
<term>Coracoid</term>
<term>Creagrutus</term>
<term>Cynodontinae</term>
<term>Dentary</term>
<term>Dentary teeth</term>
<term>Deuterodon</term>
<term>Diapoma</term>
<term>Dilator</term>
<term>Dorsal</term>
<term>Dorsal margin</term>
<term>Dorsally</term>
<term>Ectopterygoid</term>
<term>Edipucrs</term>
<term>Eigenmann</term>
<term>Endopterygoid</term>
<term>Engraulisoma</term>
<term>Engraulisoma taeniatum</term>
<term>Epioccipital</term>
<term>Epioccipital bridge</term>
<term>Epiphyseal</term>
<term>Ethmoid</term>
<term>Exodon</term>
<term>Family characidae</term>
<term>Farris</term>
<term>Ferraris</term>
<term>Fontanel</term>
<term>Foramen</term>
<term>Fossa</term>
<term>Fourth basibranchial</term>
<term>Fourth infraorbital</term>
<term>Freshwater</term>
<term>Freshwater fishes</term>
<term>Frontal</term>
<term>Frontal fontanel</term>
<term>Gasteropelecidae</term>
<term>Genus</term>
<term>Gery</term>
<term>Gill</term>
<term>Gill rakers</term>
<term>Glandulocaudinae</term>
<term>Golobo</term>
<term>Gymnocharacinae</term>
<term>Haemal</term>
<term>Haemal canal</term>
<term>Haemal spine</term>
<term>Hemibrycon</term>
<term>Hemigrammus</term>
<term>Hemigrammus clade</term>
<term>Hennig</term>
<term>Heterocharacinae</term>
<term>Hist</term>
<term>Homoplasy</term>
<term>Horizontal process</term>
<term>Hyomandibular</term>
<term>Hyphessobrycon</term>
<term>Iguanodectinae</term>
<term>Incertae</term>
<term>Incertae sedis</term>
<term>Incertae sedis genera</term>
<term>Infraorbital</term>
<term>Infraorbitals</term>
<term>Interosseous space</term>
<term>Jupiaba</term>
<term>Kullander</term>
<term>Lamella</term>
<term>Lateral</term>
<term>Lateral ethmoid</term>
<term>Lateral ethmoids</term>
<term>Lateral lamellae</term>
<term>Lateral line</term>
<term>Laterally</term>
<term>Laterosensory</term>
<term>Laterosensory canal</term>
<term>Ligament</term>
<term>Lima</term>
<term>Longitudinal</term>
<term>Lucena</term>
<term>Maculatus</term>
<term>Malabarba</term>
<term>Mandibulae</term>
<term>Margin</term>
<term>Master thesis</term>
<term>Matrix</term>
<term>Maxilla</term>
<term>Maxillary</term>
<term>Maxillary teeth</term>
<term>Meckelian</term>
<term>Meckelian cartilage</term>
<term>Medial</term>
<term>Medially</term>
<term>Menezes</term>
<term>Mesethmoid</term>
<term>Mesocoracoid</term>
<term>Middle length</term>
<term>Mirande</term>
<term>Mirande cladistics</term>
<term>Moenkhausia</term>
<term>Monophyletic</term>
<term>Monophyly</term>
<term>More cusps</term>
<term>Moreira</term>
<term>Musculature</term>
<term>Nantis</term>
<term>Nasal</term>
<term>Nasal septum</term>
<term>Nematobrycon</term>
<term>Neotropical</term>
<term>Node</term>
<term>Odontostilbe</term>
<term>Oligosarcus</term>
<term>Opercle</term>
<term>Orbitosphenoid</term>
<term>Orientated</term>
<term>Ostariophysi</term>
<term>Outgroup</term>
<term>Paraguayensis</term>
<term>Parasphenoid</term>
<term>Parsimony</term>
<term>Paulo</term>
<term>Pectoral</term>
<term>Pedicle</term>
<term>Pelvic bone</term>
<term>Phylogenetic</term>
<term>Phylogenetic analysis</term>
<term>Phylogenetic diagnosis</term>
<term>Phylogenetic relationships</term>
<term>Phylogeny</term>
<term>Porto</term>
<term>Porto alegre</term>
<term>Posterior</term>
<term>Posterior border</term>
<term>Posterior ceratohyal</term>
<term>Posterior margin</term>
<term>Posterior rays</term>
<term>Posterior region</term>
<term>Posteriorly</term>
<term>Posttemporal</term>
<term>Posttemporal fossa</term>
<term>Premaxilla</term>
<term>Premaxillary</term>
<term>Preopercle</term>
<term>Pterosphenoid</term>
<term>Pterotic</term>
<term>Pterygiophore</term>
<term>Pterygiophores</term>
<term>Quadrate</term>
<term>Quevedo</term>
<term>Rakers</term>
<term>Relative length</term>
<term>Rhinosphenoid</term>
<term>Rhoadsiinae</term>
<term>Roeboides</term>
<term>Salminus</term>
<term>Scapula</term>
<term>Searches appendix</term>
<term>Second infraorbital</term>
<term>Second premaxillary</term>
<term>Sedis</term>
<term>Septum</term>
<term>Serra</term>
<term>Serrasalmidae</term>
<term>Shes</term>
<term>Sister group</term>
<term>Sixth infraorbital</term>
<term>Small group</term>
<term>Sphenotic</term>
<term>Stethaprioninae</term>
<term>Stevardiinae</term>
<term>Strict consensus</term>
<term>Subfamilial</term>
<term>Subfamily</term>
<term>Subtemporal fossa</term>
<term>Supraoccipital spine</term>
<term>Supraorbital</term>
<term>Taeniatum</term>
<term>Taxon</term>
<term>Teleostei</term>
<term>Tendon</term>
<term>Tetragonopterinae</term>
<term>Thayeria</term>
<term>Third vertebra</term>
<term>Toledopiza</term>
<term>Transitional vertebrae</term>
<term>Universidade</term>
<term>Vari</term>
<term>Ventral</term>
<term>Ventral margin</term>
<term>Ventrally</term>
<term>Vertebra</term>
<term>Weberian apparatus</term>
<term>Weighting</term>
<term>Weighting scheme</term>
<term>Weitzman</term>
<term>Zanata</term>
<term>Zool</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="Wicri" type="topic" xml:lang="fr">
<term>Eau douce</term>
</keywords>
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<front>
<div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">The family Characidae, including more than 1000 species, lacks a phylogenetic diagnosis, with many of its genera currently considered as incertae sedis. The aims of the present study are to propose a phylogenetic diagnosis and to assess higher‐level relationships of and within Characidae. In this regard, 360 morphological characters are studied for 160 species of Characidae and related families. Phylogenetic analyses under implied weighting and self‐weighted optimization are presented, exploring a broad range of parameters. The analysis under self‐weighted optimization is innovative for this size of matrices. Familial status of Serrasalmidae is supported, and Acestrorhynchidae and Cynodontidae are included in a monophyletic Characidae. Engraulisoma taeniatum is transferred from Characidae to Gasteropelecidae. Thus constituted, the monophyly of Characidae is supported by seven synapomorphies. A new subfamily, Heterocharacinae, is proposed, and the subfamilies Aphyocharacinae, Aphyoditeinae, Characinae, Gymnocharacinae, and Stevardiinae are redefined. The Glandulocaudinae are included in Stevardiinae together with remaining members of “clade A” (sensuMalabarba and Weitzman, 2003. Comun. Mus. Ciênc. Tecnol. PUCRS, Sér. Zool. 16, 67–151.) and the genera Aulixidens and Nantis. Most incertae sedis genera are assigned, at least tentatively, to a phylogenetically diagnosed clade.</div>
</front>
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<li>Argentine</li>
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<name sortKey="Marcos Mirande, J" sort="Marcos Mirande, J" uniqKey="Marcos Mirande J" first="J." last="Marcos Mirande">J. Marcos Mirande</name>
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